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Ken & Teresa Ripper's Ancestors and Family |
Crawle - Crohall - Cariohall
Cornish
home of the Beauripper - Ripper - Repper - Rippere family
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Crawle - Crohall -
Cariohall |
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Crohall is mentioned in the early parts of the RIPPER family history as the home of one branch of the family from the mid 1500's to around 1700. The buildings of Crawle have since disappeared. There have been buildings on this site for many years as can be seen by the number of people that have lived here over the years. At its highest the population of Crawle appears to have been about 32. The landowner I met in 1994, Willie Goldsworthy, remembers the building as a small single level one roomed farmer's dwelling (similar to the one in the picture) with two additional out houses - a cow shed and a barn. |
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Willie recalls seeing the buildings around 1935, but the buildings had gone by 1944 as the result of a fire. He can recall them as being of cob construction, mud & dung & straw etc, and the roof level of the single floor building as being very low. It seems there are no plans to do anything with this now derelict piece of land. Crawle has not been shown on maps since the late 1800's and at that time was shown as Crawle. This was the final spelling of the name, being recorded in Domesday in 1086. At that time it was known as Cariahoil. The name is derived from 'caer' meaning "camp" and 'iorchell' meaning "roebuck". Later spellings can be seen at the top of this page. The deerpark as an entity was probably created by Sir Alexander Godolghan around 1300, the deerpark and warren were symbols of his wealth and affluence. The deerpark encompassed most of the hill and the fields that ran down to the manor, as well as a large tract of land on the northern side of the hill reaching as far as the River Hayle. The entire area was surrounded by a deep ditch and a high hedge known as a deer pale, constructed to allow deer on the outside to jump in, but made it difficult for deer on the inside to jump out. A large part of the deer pale is still intact today. Remnants of the deer herd lingered on until the mid-19th century. Hounds chased one almost to Camborne, where it dropped dead from exhaustion. A second was shot at nearby Crawle. The third and last deer was trapped at Carsluick, where the farmer had become so incensed by the animal ravaging his crops that he set a trap made from an upturned harrow in a pit. When the animal jumped over the hedge, it became impaled and the farmer then secretly butchered the deer. In mediaeval times, rabbits were imported from the |
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Location |
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Crawle was a tenement to the north of the parish of Breage
in the west of The site of Crawle can be seen on modern Ordnance Survey maps as the site of a windpump just north of Polladras. The extent of the built part of the site can still be identified as field boundaries (not shown on the multimap screen) and small remains of low walls amidst nettles and brambles. The wind pump draws water which is pumped uphill to a feeder tank which supplies clean fresh water to Trenear farm. |
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Trenear is marked on Ordnance Survey maps at location
SW617313, four miles to the North West of Helston, The road drops down to Ruthdower Cottage and the rises up
the hill past Trenear farm entrance on the left. A few hundred yards further
on, again on the left, is the entrance to Treleggo farm. Immediately past
this on the opposite side of the road is the northern end of a lane leading
towards Polladras, called |
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Turning into Between this gate and the gate further up the hill, which
is the path entrance, there exists another gate which is the entrance to
Crawle. The whole plot is triangular, roughly equilateral, the 30 yard
stretch on |
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Crawle in History |
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Crawle was part of the manor of Arundell. Jurisdiction over the manor was exercised through manor courts and Crawle was in the collection of tenements of that part of the manor known as Pengwedna. Mr H L Douch who was until the mid 1990's the curator of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, reports that the manor court of Pengwedna was sometimes held at Cariohall but more often at Prospidneck in neighbouring Sithney, probably for convenience. |
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Pengwedna is described as follows by Mr Douch ... this name must be taken with Gwedna in the same area. Gwedna is on a hillside between two arms of the Upper Hayle river. Pengwedna is a good mile away at the top of a small valley. There is not much that the two places have in common but possibly Gwedna was the name of the head streams of the River Hayle. The map below shows the tenement of Crawle, edged in yellow, as recorded on the 1786 tithe map and alongside it a modern day aerial image.
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The residential and farm buildings which form part of the tenement are shown in the small triangular plot on the eastern boundary. Careful comparison of the two images reveals the original field boundaries, many of which still exist as hedges and walls but some remain as subtle changes in the colouring of crops. The earliest reference I have to date of a connection between Crawle and the Ripper family is the burial of Joan Rypper of Cariurrall at Breage on 13 November 1561. |
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Mr Douch has informed me that there was a lease of Cariohall which was granted to William Ripper and John Ripper on 16 Jan 1577. William and John were, most probably, brothers. On 24 October 1586 the court rolls show that John & William Ripper surrendered the lease on the tenement in Cariohall, effectively removing William who became free to take the tenancy of Ruthdower Mill, and a new lease was granted to John Ripper, his son John Ripper and Constance Squire, the daughter of Richard Squire, deceased. At this time it was usual for a lease to be agreed for the period of "three lives". In this instance the lives were John, John and Constance and the lease would run until the last of the three died. It was not unusual for one of the lives to have been a child, but no child formed part of the family group at this time. [Ruthdower tenement is to the west of Crawle and edged in red on the tithe map extract shown above]. On 28 January 1606/7 the Breage registers record the baptism of Stephen Ripper, son of John Ripper alias Craholl. The word 'Craholl' has been highlighted. |
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A list of tenants in 1640 shows the name of Thomas Ripper, but this has been crossed out, usually an indication of the lease having passed to the next life. In fact the will of Thomas wasn't written until 1661. Indeed on 9 Oct 1640 Thomas Ripper and John Symon were nominated viewers of repairs by the court. Further, on 30 September 1641 Thomas Ripper was presented to the court as a viewer of repairs and customary tenant, because he had not fulfilled his duties as viewer. In May 1642 he was again called before the court for non-attendance to his duties. Strangely, in 1642 he was appointed Reeve of the manor, in respect of his holding at Crohall. It seems that he didn't qualify on the grounds of application to duty, but then on 16th April 1644 he and John Simon were once again chosen as viewers of repairs. On 30 July 1647 the court was held at Crohall again, Mr Douch reports the following entry in the court record: whereas there is a difference betwene Thomas Ripper, John Andrew, William Tremellinge and Jane Lanyon (widow) concerninge the pasture of one crought {croft} adjoining with Crohall Lane end, and whereas the saith Thomas Ripper hath now att this present beaten up parte of the said crought and doeth pritend to till the same, which is denyed by the said John, William and Jane, and is by them for the said tillage reserved unto mee, I doe therefore order that the said Thomas shall quietly (if hee please) till the same for two yeares and to paye yearely unto them the said John, William and Jane 6d, and farther to leave the said parcell of land in common as was before itt was att the end of two yeares. If the said Thomas shall make it appeere or prove that the said crought doeth solely belonge unto him that then they shall utterly disclayme the same and leave itt quietly and peaseably without any shere disturbance unto him the said Thomas ever hereafter. [In the 1666 poll tax returns the Andrew family lived at Treneere whilst at Tremelling lived the Treligo family.] 26 September 1647 - Thomas Ripper and William Tremellin were appointed as viewers 26 September 1648 - Thomas Ripper was appointed Reeve of the manor 28 March 1657 - Thomas Ripper (69) (mort), English (his wife) (mort) and Edward (their son) (35) are listed in the Arundel Papers as tenants of Cariohall in the manor of Pengwedna - it is probable that the indication (mort) means that these are the lives mentioned in the lease. |
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Thomas Ripper's will |
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Click on the will to view a larger image. |
BREAGE Marty 1661 testatum T Ripper dec'd To the hono'rd John
Sayntaubin Esq att his St Michaels Mount [the next line makes no sense to
me but resembles "I his humbly Paul" as if it was part of the
sender's address from the village of Paul] A copie of Thomas Rippers
will of the parish of Breage deceased Tho Rippers Will In the name of God Amen I
Thomas Ripper of the parish of Breage within the county of Cornwall yeoman do
in consideration of my mortality make this my last will and testament in
manner and form following First I commend my soule unto the hands of my
blessed saviour Jesus Christ who hath redeemed it with his precious blood and
my body to christian burial Item I give and bequeath
unto the poor of the parish of Breage forty shillings The sign of Thomas Ripper Signed and sealed in the
presence of Rich. Ffowler William Christopher sign Dextar Christopher sign |
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At the foot of the will there is this piece of writing in Latin which appears to be in a hand similar to that which wrote the address on the front page ... Testatum ...Curia Archinals Cornubrie 4th die ... Marty 1661. ... Daniel Ripper filio ... executor ... nominat primita [this seems to refer to Daniel Ripper, the son of Daniel the executor to the estate of Thomas Ripper] |
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The following letter accompanies the will and would seem to be addressed to John Sayntaubin Esq: 12th ffebruary 1678 Honourable Sir According to your order I
have sent you a true copy of the will of Thomas Ripper, with an abstract of
the probate, which I have examined by the record. I humbly beg your leave to
subscribe myself as I surely am Honorable Sir your devoted
and humble servant John Anstis Dated the 22th of June 1683 Also on this sheet is: Whereas John Anstis
Register of the Archdeaconry of Cornwall at the special instance and request
of me William Lampeter hath delivered into my hands the original will of
Thomas Ripper late of the parish of Breage deceased to be made use of for
evidence of a trial in the stannary court of Penwith & Kirrier on the behalf of
John Sayntaubin Esq I do hereby promise to redeliver unto the said John
Anstis the said original will safe and uncancelled on the 6th dayof July
next. Witness my hand Wm Lampeter witnessed by Roger Landrye /
Lewis Kendall [The St Aubyn family were local landed gentry and lived on St Michael's Mount]. This will and appertaining documents do not mention Crawle by name but do refer to Thomas' two sons, Edward and Daniel. Oddly it doesn't mention Henry Ripper. |
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Later
Generations living at Crawle
The 1660 poll tax shows that living at Crohall were Edward Ripper and his wife, who were taxed one shilling, and also Daniel Ripper, also taxed one shilling. In the 1664 Hearth Tax assessments the property was occupied by Edward and Blanch Ripper, who were assessed as having four hearths (one of which had been stopped up) and Daniel and Elizabeth Ripper, who had one hearth. This seems to indicate that there were two properties at Crawle. The fact that the courts had been held there also indicates that there had been a substantial property on the site. The Breage registers record the baptism of Ann the daughter of Hennerye Ripper & Jane, of Crohall, on 11th January 1665. Their second daughter, Jane, is recorded in Breage register as being baptised on 1st November 1668. On the 17th April 1672 Edward Ripper is recorded as being among customary and conventionary tenants and on 23rd October 1672 Edward Riper was chosen as Reeve in respect of his tenement called Crohall. On the 5th April 1673 the manorial court was held at Crohall. According to the IGI, on the 7th January 1694 the Breage registers show the baptism of Maria Crohall or Repper, the daughter of Mari Crohall or Repper. Having researched the registers I have been unable to verify this entry. The lease of Cariohall, described as being in the tenure of Blanch Ripper, widow, was granted on 1st March 1700 to Nicholas Tyacke, Gentleman. The term of the lease was 99 years on the lives of Nicholas Tyacke and his wife after the expiry of Blanch Ripper's interest, indicating an earlier lease of Cariohall to the Ripper family. Blanch died in 1703 and was buried on 30th July at Breage. In 1712 on the 21st of May at Breage was buried William Ripper alias Crohall, and on 13th September a Richard Ripper alias Crohall was also buried. This may indicate that they continued to live there as the tenants of Nicholas Tyacke. There are no further entries yet traced to show any continued occupation of Crawle by the Ripper / Repper family which had lasted for over 200 years. |
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